(I'm reverting your edit because you deleted a section heading (preamble) and your example text didn't use the example font, so it was hard to read. Feel free to redo your change. Thanks.) |
Tag: Source edit |
||
(27 intermediate revisions by 19 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
− | {{Quotation|The align environment is used for two or more equations when vertical alignment is desired; usually binary relations such as equal signs are aligned.|American Mathematical Society|User's Guide for the <tt>amsmath</tt> Package}} |
+ | {{Quotation|The <tt>align</tt> environment is used for two or more equations when vertical alignment is desired; usually binary relations such as equal signs are aligned.|American Mathematical Society|User's Guide for the <tt>amsmath</tt> Package}} |
+ | == Introduction to <tt>align</tt> == |
||
− | For all intents and purposes, |
+ | For all intents and purposes, the <tt>align</tt> environment is a replacement for the <tt>[[eqnarray]]</tt> environment and all its warts. Rather than |
\begin{eqnarray*} |
\begin{eqnarray*} |
||
− | x^2 + y^2 &=& 1 |
+ | x^2 + y^2 &=& 1 \\ |
− | + | y &=& \sqrt{1 - x^2}, |
|
\end{eqnarray*} |
\end{eqnarray*} |
||
− | |||
one can type |
one can type |
||
− | |||
\begin{align*} |
\begin{align*} |
||
− | x^2 + y^2 &= 1 |
+ | x^2 + y^2 &= 1 \\ |
− | + | y &= \sqrt{1 - x^2}. |
|
\end{align*} |
\end{align*} |
||
== Benefits over <tt>eqnarray</tt> == |
== Benefits over <tt>eqnarray</tt> == |
||
− | Besides the slightly simpler syntax, you side-step [http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/2006-4/madsen/madsen.pdf bugs documented by Lars Madsen for ''The PracTeX Journal''] |
+ | Besides the slightly simpler syntax, you side-step [http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/2006-4/madsen/madsen.pdf bugs documented by Lars Madsen for ''The PracTeX Journal''], such as |
− | * |
+ | * inconsistent spacing around binary symbols, |
⚫ | |||
− | =</code> and <code>+</code>; |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
− | == Multiple equations on one line == |
+ | == Multiple equations on one line == |
Besides being used for aligning binary symbols, the ampersand can also mark an invisible alignment for separating columns of equations. For example, |
Besides being used for aligning binary symbols, the ampersand can also mark an invisible alignment for separating columns of equations. For example, |
||
− | \begin{align} |
+ | <code>\begin{align} |
− | + | u &= \arctan x & dv &= 1 \, dx \\ |
|
− | + | du &= \frac{1}{1 + x^2}dx & v &= x. |
|
\end{align} |
\end{align} |
||
+ | </code> |
||
produces: |
produces: |
||
Line 43: | Line 42: | ||
== Preamble == |
== Preamble == |
||
To use align, import the [[amsmath]] package in your preamble. |
To use align, import the [[amsmath]] package in your preamble. |
||
+ | <code>..... |
||
\{{Lcmd|usepackage}}{amsmath} |
\{{Lcmd|usepackage}}{amsmath} |
||
+ | .....</code> |
||
⚫ | |||
+ | |||
− | u &= \arctan x & dv &= 1 \, dx |
||
⚫ | |||
− | \\ du &= \frac{1}{1 + x^2} dx & v &= x. |
||
+ | </code>i_t & = \sigma(W_{xi}x_t+W_{hi}h_{t-1}+W_{ci}c_{t-1}+b_i)\\\\ |
||
⚫ | |||
+ | f_t & = \sigma(W_{xf}x_t+W_{hf}h_{t-1}+W_{cf}c_{t-1}+b_f)\\\\ |
||
+ | c_t & = f_t\odot c_{t-1}+i_t\odot tanh(W_{xc}x_t+W_{hc}h_{t-1}+b_c)\\\\ |
||
+ | o_t & = \sigma(W_{xo}x_t+W_{ho}h_{t-1}+W_{co}c_{t}+b_o)\\\\ |
||
+ | h_t & = o_t\odot tanh(c_t)\\\\ |
||
⚫ | |||
[[Category:AMS-LaTeX]] |
[[Category:AMS-LaTeX]] |
||
[[Category:Environment]] |
[[Category:Environment]] |
Revision as of 15:03, 1 October 2020
The align environment is used for two or more equations when vertical alignment is desired; usually binary relations such as equal signs are aligned.
American Mathematical Society, User's Guide for the amsmath Package
Introduction to align
For all intents and purposes, the align environment is a replacement for the eqnarray environment and all its warts. Rather than
\begin{eqnarray*} x^2 + y^2 &=& 1 \\ y &=& \sqrt{1 - x^2}, \end{eqnarray*}
one can type
\begin{align*} x^2 + y^2 &= 1 \\ y &= \sqrt{1 - x^2}. \end{align*}
Benefits over eqnarray
Besides the slightly simpler syntax, you side-step bugs documented by Lars Madsen for The PracTeX Journal, such as
- inconsistent spacing around binary symbols,
- overwriting equation numbers, and
- silent label mismatch.
Multiple equations on one line
Besides being used for aligning binary symbols, the ampersand can also mark an invisible alignment for separating columns of equations. For example,
\begin{align}
u &= \arctan x & dv &= 1 \, dx \\
du &= \frac{1}{1 + x^2}dx & v &= x.
\end{align}
produces:
Preamble
To use align, import the amsmath package in your preamble.
.....
\usepackage{amsmath}
.....
\begin{align}
i_t & = \sigma(W_{xi}x_t+W_{hi}h_{t-1}+W_{ci}c_{t-1}+b_i)\\\\
f_t & = \sigma(W_{xf}x_t+W_{hf}h_{t-1}+W_{cf}c_{t-1}+b_f)\\\\
c_t & = f_t\odot c_{t-1}+i_t\odot tanh(W_{xc}x_t+W_{hc}h_{t-1}+b_c)\\\\
o_t & = \sigma(W_{xo}x_t+W_{ho}h_{t-1}+W_{co}c_{t}+b_o)\\\\
h_t & = o_t\odot tanh(c_t)\\\\
\end{align}